Book Details

ISBN:    978-3-428-58146-7

DOI:    https://doi.org/10.3790/978-3-428-58146-7

Published online:    2020-12

Edition:    1

Language:    English

Pages:    248

Keywords:    Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide Erster Weltkrieg Bevölkerungspolitik Genozid First World War Population Policy Genocide

Subjects:    History: specific events & topics ,

About The Author

Christin Pschichholz ist wissenschaftliche Mitarbeiterin am Lehrstuhl für Militärgeschichte/Kulturgeschichte der Gewalt der Universität Potsdam. Ihr aktuelles Forschungsprojekt befasst sich mit der deutschen Rezeption ethnischer Gewalt während des Ersten Weltkriegs. Ihre Forschungsschwerpunkte sind das Deutsche Kaiserreich, der Erste Weltkrieg, Genozidforschung und historiographische Perspektiven auf Massengewalt.

Section Title	Page	Action	Price
Inhaltsverzeichnis	5
Christin Pschichholz: The First World War as a Caesura?	7
Ronald Grigor Suny: Imperial Choices: Perceiving Threats and the Descent to Genocide	13
The Great War and the Clash of Empires	16
World War I and Ethnicity	19
The Armenian Genocide	21
Mark Levene: Deadly Geopolitics, Ethnic Mobilisations, and the Vulnerability of Peoples, 1914–18	33
The Great War and ˋNational' Peoples	35
Blaming the Jews: A Special Case	39
Perfidious Albion?	42
National Actors: Vision and Hubris	45
ˋMinorities': The Fateful Legacy of the Great War	47
Arno Barth: The Securitization of Minorities as a Bedrock of Population Policy	49
Psychological Approach (Affect Heuristics)	49
Political Science Approach (Securitization)	51
Securitization of Minorities during World War One	53
Siegfried Lichtenstaedter (Central Powers)	54
Buxton Brothers (Entente)	56
Georges Montandon (Neutral Countries)	57
Summary	59
Outlook	61
Hans-Lukas Kieser: Empire Overstretched Nation-state Enforced: The Young Turks Inaugurated the Europe of Extremes	65
Introduction: The Threshold of 1913	65
Late Ottoman Background	66
Reforms and Social Revolution Versus Reactionary Violence and Restored Empire	68
Ideological Radicalisation and Large-scale Demographic Engineering	70
Genocide	74
Removal of Muslims and Jews	77
Conclusion: The Lausanne Treaty Endorsed Extremes and Abandoned Minorities	78
Oktay Özel: The Role of Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa (Special Organization) in the Armenian Genocide	81
CUP, Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa and the War	83
Tehcir and the Teşkilat-ı Mahsusa	85
An Attempt at Reconstruction – The Teşkilât-ı Mahsusa (re-activated on 3 August 1914)	86
Dr Sakir as the Mastermind of Annihilation	87
Armenians Perceived as ˋFifth Column'	89
Decision for Tehcir and Destruction (March 1915)	91
From Teşkilât-ı Mahsusa to Umur-ı Şarkiye Dairesi (5 April 1915)	93
“New SO” as a Criminal Organization	95
The CUP, the Government and the Harbiye: Institutional Responsibility	97
“SO Çetes” or Militia Bands	100
Official and Civilian Involvement and Complicity	102
In Lieu of Conclusion	105
Hilmar Kaiser: Zor District During the Initial Monthsof the Armenian Genocide	109
Rasulain	119
Conclusion	123
Hannes Leidinger: Systematization of Hatred	125
General Developments and the Dual Monarchy	125
The Mentality of the Habsburg Army and Notably of its Officers	126
Entanglements of International Tensions and Internal Conflicts, 1903–1914	126
The Triggering Event – 28 June 1914	127
Radicalization Through the Effects of the (new) War	127
Military Criminal Law and Command Structures	128
Mobile Warfare, Thrusts into Foreign Countries and ˋToils' of Occupation Regimes	129
The Imbalance of Forces	130
Ideas of Superiority	131
Heterogeneous Societies	131
Critical and Limiting Closing Remarks	132
Heiko Brendel: “Our land is small and it's pressed on all sides. Not one of us can live here peacefully.”	135
Introduction	135
Welcomed Liberators	135
Language, Religion, and Territory in Austro-Hungarian Occupied Montenegro	136
Montenegro's “Predatory” Socio-Economic Tradition	138
The Emergence of Anti-Muslim Nationalism in Montenegro	139
Nicholas's Muslim Subjects	142
The Balkan Wars and the Acquisition of “New Montenegro”	145
Under Austro-Hungarian Occupation	147
Religions under Austro-Hungarian Occupation	150
Justice and Education in Occupied Montenegro	151
Emigration and Immigration under Austro-Hungarian Rule	152
Conclusions	155
Serhiy Choliy: War as a Model of Population Movement in the Modern World: The Galician Perspectives in the First World War	159
Historical Background: Galicia before World War I	161
Historical Background: The Austro-Hungarian and Russian Claims Before World War I	163
World War I Begins: The Austrian Activities During the First Phase of the War	165
Mobilization: Everything for the Front	166
Mobilization: To Preserve Law and Order	168
The World War Goes on: The Russian Occupation of Galicia	170
Pacification: Administration and Security	171
Painful Retreat: Evacuation and Political Aims	174
Conclusions	176
Konrad Zieliński: The Jews and the Bolsheviks	179
Peter Holquist: The Soviet Policy of De-cossackization During the Russian Civil War (1919)	191
Decossackization: ˋLiquidating' the Cossackry	195
Bibliography	217
Contributors	245